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Sizin Gaziantep Gaziantep’te Kilimcilik; Kilim Dokuma Nasıldır? 05 Mart 2019 09:54
Antep Kilimciliği Antep kilimleri bilinen diğer Anadolu kilimlerinden tezgâh, şekil, dokunuş biçimleri ve nakışları yönünden çok farklı olmakla birlikte, kilimciliğinin yörede hangi tarihte başladığı ve hangi aşamalardan geçtiği kesin olarak bilinmemektedir.
Antep kilimlerinin ham maddesi öküz, deve ve at tüyü, koyun yünü ve keçi kıllarıdır. Siyah, felhani, mavi, yeşil boya, cehre sarısı, ceviz kabuğu, cevizi boz, soğan kabuğu, sumak yaprağı Antep kilimlerinde kullanılan ilkel boyalardan bazılarıdır. Günümüzde akrilik iplikten yapılan kilimlerde bulunmaktadır. Genelde 69 cm. eninde 260 cm. boyunda dokunan Antep kilimlerinde kullanılan motifleri şöyle sıralayabiliriz;
Çizgi, nokta ve daireden ibaret olan motifler, Sembolik Motifler, İdeografik, bir manası olan motifler(dağ, ev, taht, asa gibi.), Hayvan Motifleri, Geometrik Motifler, Bitki Motifleri(Çiçek, yaprak gibi.) Yörede yapılan araştırmalar neticesinde, Kilim’in yalnız el tezgahlarında imal edildiği ve bu iş kolunun çok canlı olduğu devirlerde Gaziantep’te 7000 civarında el tezgahının faaliyette olduğu, 1960’larda bu sayının 100-150’ye düştüğü saptanmıştır. Motorlu dokuma tezgahlarının yaşamımıza girmesiyle, talep daralması problemine bir çözüm gibi görülen kalitenin düşürülmesi, Antep kilimlerine olan talebi daha da azaltmış ve tezgahlar yavaş, yavaş ortadan kalkmaya başlamıştır. Antep kilimleri günümüzde, genel olarak köylerde kendi ihtiyaçlarını gidermek maksadıyla kadınlarca dokunmaktadır. Ayrıca Halk Eğitim Merkezleri tarafından çeşitli kurslar açılarak kilimciliğin yaygınlaştırılması çalışmaları yapılmaktadır. Antep Kilimlerinin bilinen çeşitleri şunlardır; Baklava Dilimi, Hap bap (Nalın) Ayağı, Kuş Kanadı, Zincir Göbek, Dirsek Göbek, Pençe Göbek, Çarkı Felek, Parmak Göbek, Atom Göbek.